Urinary incontinence involves the involuntary loss of urine, often due to weakened pelvic floor muscles or bladder dysfunction. Physical therapy treatments include pelvic floor exercises (like Kegels), shockwave therapy, biofeedback to enhance muscle awareness, and bladder training techniques to improve control and reduce urgency.

Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements, leading to accidental leakage. Physical therapy interventions focus on strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, improving anal sphincter control through targeted exercises, and utilizing biofeedback to optimize muscle function and coordination.

Constipation is characterized by infrequent bowel movements or difficulty passing stools. Physical therapy can help by promoting pelvic floor relaxation techniques, teaching abdominal and breathing exercises to enhance bowel movement, and using biofeedback to improve coordination of the pelvic muscles during defecation and possible manual stretching to any tight muscles. Diet modifications regarding fiber intake, microbiome management and food sensitivities are recommended based on symptoms.